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The white-rumped sandpiper (''Calidris fuscicollis'') is a small shorebird. It is classified as monotypic species meaning that no population differentiation has been described.〔Montalti1, Diego, Ana M. Arambarri2, Guillermo E. Soave1, Carlos A. Darrieu1, and Anibal R. Camperi1. "Seeds in the Diet of the White-Rumped Sandpiper in Argentina."Waterbirds. 26.2 (2003): 166-168. Web.Accessed 1 October 2015.〕 Adults have black legs and a small, thin, dark bill. The body is dark brown on top and mainly white underneath, with brown streaks on the breast and a white rump. They have a white stripe over their eyes. This bird shows long wings in flight. In winter plumage, this species is pale gray above. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds; these are known collectively as "peeps" or "stints". One of the best identification features is the long wings, which extend beyond the tail when the bird is on the ground. Only the Baird's sandpiper also shows this, and that bird can be distinguished by the lack of a white rump. Their breeding habitat is the northern tundra on Arctic islands in Canada and Alaska. They nest on the ground, usually well-concealed in vegetation. They are a long distance migrant, wintering in southern South America. They are rare but regular vagrants to western Europe. The species is a rare vagrant to Australia. These birds are not often spotted. In the summer they are rarely seen because they are in such an obscure breeding location. Similarly, in the winter they are rarely seen because they travel too for south for many birdwatchers. Therefore, the majority of sightings occur during the spring or fall in temperate regions and are generally in small numbers around water.〔Smithsonian Institution. “White-rumped Sandpiper.”Birds of DC. (2015)Web. Accessed 7 October 2015.〕 These birds forage by probing on mudflats or tundra or picking up food by sight in shallow water. They mainly eat insects, mollusks and marine worms, also some plant material. Hybrids between this species and the dunlin are occasionally found in northeastern North America〔McLaughlin K. A. & Wormington, A. (2000): "An apparent Dunlin × White-rumped Sandpiper hybrid". ''Ontario Birds'' 18(1): 8-12.〕 (see external link below); the white-rumped sandpiper is also suspected to hybridize with the buff-breasted sandpiper. White-rumped sandpiper (2).jpg|in Brazil White-rumped Sandpiper.jpg ==Taxonomy== Firstly, the white-rumped sandpiper is placed in class Aves which is consistent for all birds. Being a shore bird places it in the order Charadriiformes along with gulls, alcids, plovers and oystercatchers. Its family Scolopacidae encompasses all sandpipers and being a stint classifies it in the genus Calidris. And finally its species is classified as ''calidris fusicollis'' which is more commonly known as the white-rumped sandpiper.〔"Calidris fuscicollis." ITIS Report. n.d. Web. Accessed 14 October 2015. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「White-rumped sandpiper」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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